Industrial Robot Stainless Steel Spline Shaft CNC Lathe Precision Machining Process High Precision Transmission Part Man

This case demonstrates the precision machining process of an industrial robot stainless steel spline shaft on a CNC lathe. By optimizing machining techniques and parameters, high-precision and high-efficiency production of the spline shaft is achieved, ensuring stability and reliability in industrial robot transmission systems.

1. Material Preparation: Select 304 stainless steel bar stock, diameter Φ50mm, length 500mm. Perform rough turning of the outer circle and end face to ensure a flat reference surface.

2. Heat Treatment: Quench and temper the rough-turned blank to improve material hardness and toughness, targeting HRC 28-32.
3. Precision Turning:
   • Use a CNC lathe (e.g., CLX360 CNC lathe) for precision turning of the outer circle, controlling dimensions to Φ45±0.01mm.
   • Turn end faces to ensure total length and end face runout ≤0.005mm.
4. Spline Milling:
   • Use a gear cutting machine to mill the spline tooth profile, ensuring tooth pitch and depth tolerance within ±0.005mm.
   • Employ a dedicated spline milling cutter, completing the process in multiple passes to avoid thermal deformation.
5. Grinding Finishing:
   • Perform precision grinding on the outer circle and spline tooth surface to achieve a surface roughness of Ra0.4μm and dimensional accuracy of ±0.003mm.
6. Inspection and Quality Control:
   • Use a coordinate measuring machine to inspect the spline shaft's dimensions, tooth profile error, and position accuracy.
   • Conduct magnetic particle inspection to check for surface cracks, ensuring the product is defect-free.
7. Surface Treatment: Perform surface polishing or chrome plating as per customer requirements to enhance corrosion resistance and appearance.
8. Packaging and Shipping: Clean and apply anti-rust oil, package with dedicated materials to avoid damage during transportation.

• Challenge 1: High Precision Requirements for Spline Tooth Profile Solution: Use high-precision gear cutting machines and custom milling cutters, control machining speed and coolant flow to reduce thermal deformation.
• Challenge 2: Stainless Steel Material Adhesion to Tools Solution: Select specialized stainless steel cutting tools, optimize cutting parameters (speed 1200rpm, feed 0.1mm/r), and increase emulsion coolant volume.
• Challenge 3: Ensuring Shaft Coaxiality and Straightness Solution: Repeatedly calibrate the benchmark during machining, use center supports to reduce deformation caused by cutting forces.

• Machining Accuracy: Spline shaft tooth pitch error ≤0.005mm, surface roughness Ra0.4μm, fully meeting the required P4 grade precision.
• Efficiency Improvement: Through CNC automated machining, single-piece processing time reduced to 3 hours, improving efficiency by 40% compared to traditional methods.
• Cost Control: Material utilization rate reached 95%, scrap rate below 0.5%, reducing production costs.